Apoptosis - Inflammatory Diseases - Breast Cancer - Pulmonary Fibrosis - Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is rigorously controlled process of cell death that leads to phagocytosis of unwanted cell. It is triggered after sufficient cellular damage and activated through extrinsic or intrinsic pathways. The intrinsic pathway is mainly occurs via release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and regulates mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization by Bcl-2 family proteins. The extrinsic pathway is induced by ligand binding to death receptor, such as Fas, TNFαR, DR3, DR4, and DR5. Caspases then cleave target proteins and nuclear lamins to promote DNA degradation, resulting apoptotic cells undergo phagocytosis. In addition, p53 has the ability to activate intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis by inducing transcription of several proteins like Puma, Bid, Bax, TRAIL-R2, and CD95.
Some Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), such as XIAP/BIRC4 and Bruce/BIRC6, can block casapse activity through direct binding, while other IAPs, such as cIAP1/BIRC2, cIAP2/BIRC3, act as ubiquitin ligases that target caspases for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Apoptosis is essential for growth, development and aging in multicellular organisms. Any alterations or abnormalities occurring in apoptotic processes contribute to development of human diseases, including cancer.
- A8815 SM-1648 CitationTarget: Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP)Summary: 抗癌药
- B2092 Doxifluridine中文名: 去氧氟尿苷Summary: 抗肿瘤药5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)的口服前药
- A4200 Apogossypolone (ApoG2)2 CitationTarget: Bcl-2|Bcl-xl|Mcl-1Summary: Bcl-2的非肽类小分子抑制剂
- A4234 TW-371 CitationTarget: Bcl-2|Bcl-xl|Mcl-1Summary: Bcl-2抑制剂,抑制Bcl-2、Bcl-XL和Mcl-1。
- A4224 GDC-01522 CitationTarget: Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP)Summary: IAP 拮抗剂
- A4221 YM1552 CitationTarget: SurvivinSummary: Survivin抑制剂,细胞凋亡抑制剂
- A4212 Pomalidomide (CC-4047)中文名: 泊马度胺Summary: 抗肿瘤/抗血管生成的免疫调制剂
- A2604 Celastrol中文名: 雷公藤红素Target: ProteasomeSummary: 抗氧化、抗炎和免疫抑制剂
- N2135 Gossypol2 Citation中文名: 棉籽酚,棉酚Target: DehydrogenaseSummary: PAF抑制剂,抗生育和抗癌
- A8177 PAC-11 CitationTarget: CaspasesSummary: 半胱天冬酶-3酶原激活剂