Apoptosis - Autoimmune Diseases - Lymphoma
Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is rigorously controlled process of cell death that leads to phagocytosis of unwanted cell. It is triggered after sufficient cellular damage and activated through extrinsic or intrinsic pathways. The intrinsic pathway is mainly occurs via release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and regulates mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization by Bcl-2 family proteins. The extrinsic pathway is induced by ligand binding to death receptor, such as Fas, TNFαR, DR3, DR4, and DR5. Caspases then cleave target proteins and nuclear lamins to promote DNA degradation, resulting apoptotic cells undergo phagocytosis. In addition, p53 has the ability to activate intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis by inducing transcription of several proteins like Puma, Bid, Bax, TRAIL-R2, and CD95.
Some Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), such as XIAP/BIRC4 and Bruce/BIRC6, can block casapse activity through direct binding, while other IAPs, such as cIAP1/BIRC2, cIAP2/BIRC3, act as ubiquitin ligases that target caspases for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Apoptosis is essential for growth, development and aging in multicellular organisms. Any alterations or abnormalities occurring in apoptotic processes contribute to development of human diseases, including cancer.
- A3847 SU5416中文名: 司马沙尼Target: VEGFRSummary: VEGF受体抑制剂和AHR激动剂
- A3220 Bardoxolone中文名: 巴多索隆Target: COX|iNOSSummary: 用于治疗慢性肾病,每天一次
- A4234 TW-371 CitationTarget: Bcl-2|Bcl-xl|Mcl-1Summary: Bcl-2抑制剂,抑制Bcl-2、Bcl-XL和Mcl-1。
- A4212 Pomalidomide (CC-4047)中文名: 泊马度胺Summary: 抗肿瘤/抗血管生成的免疫调制剂
- A8177 PAC-11 CitationTarget: CaspasesSummary: 半胱天冬酶-3酶原激活剂