2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate

2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate （2′,7′-二氯荧光素二乙酸酯），也称为DCFDA或H₂DCFDA，是一种具有细胞渗透性的荧光探针，可用于检测活性氧（ROS）和一氧化氮（·NO）以及确定总氧化应激程度[1]。DCFDA本是无荧光的，DCFDA进入细胞后被酯酶迅速脱酯化，在存在ROS（主要为H2O2）的情况下，被氧化转化为具有强绿色荧光的2',7'-dichlorofluorescein（2′,7′-二氯荧光素，DCF或H₂DCF），激发/发射光谱为492/515 nm。荧光信号可以用荧光显微镜或流式细胞仪检测。

DCFDA可以应用于癌症研究，测定癌细胞内ROS的水平，例如乳腺癌[2]，肝癌[3]。

References:

[1] Eruslanov E, Kusmartsev S. Identification of ROS using oxidized DCFDA and flow-cytometry. Methods Mol Biol. 2010;594:57-72.

[2] Figueroa D, Asaduzzaman M, Young F. Real time monitoring and quantification of reactive oxygen species in breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) assay. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 2018 Nov - Dec;94(Pt 1):26-33.

[3] Ding M, Jiao G, Shi H, et al. Investigations on in vitro anti-carcinogenic potential of L-carnosine in liver cancer cells. Cytotechnology. 2018 Feb;70(1):163-167.