Tempol

Tempol（CAS 号：2226-96-2）是一种膜渗透性硝酰自由基和超氧化物歧化酶模拟物，发挥活性氧（ROS）清除剂的作用。它能阻断过氧化氢介导的信号通路，减轻线粒体呼吸抑制，并降低肾小管细胞中乳酸脱氢酶释放等细胞损伤标志物的水平。在动物模型中，给予Tempol可抑制氧化应激、减轻肾损伤和血管损伤、减少中性粒细胞浸润，并降低脂质过氧化水平。此外，研究表明它能降低肝硬化大鼠的门静脉高压，还可预防与高血压相关的血管重构和心脏改变。Tempol被广泛用于研究氧化应激及其病理。

参考文献：
1. Chatterjee PK, Cuzzocrea S, Brown PA et al. Tempol, a membrane-permeable radical scavenger, reduces oxidant stress-mediated renal dysfunction and injury in the rat. Kidney Int. 2000 Aug;58(2):658-73.
2. Lejeune D, Hasanuzzaman M, Pitcock A et al. The superoxide scavenger TEMPOL induces urokinase receptor (uPAR) expression in human prostate cancer cells. Mol Cancer. 2006 Jun 6;5:21.
3. García-Calderó H, Rodríguez-Vilarrupla A, Gracia-Sancho J et al. Tempol administration, a superoxide dismutase mimetic, reduces hepatic vascular resistance and portal pressure in cirrhotic rats. J Hepatol. 2011 Apr;54(4):660-5.
4. Rizzi E, Castro MM, Ceron CS et al. Tempol inhibits TGF-β and MMPs upregulation and prevents cardiac hypertensive changes. Int J Cardiol. 2013 Apr 30;165(1):165-73.
5. Pires PW, Deutsch C, McClain JL et al. Tempol, a superoxide dismutase mimetic, prevents cerebral vessel remodeling in hypertensive rats. Microvasc Res. 2010 Dec;80(3):445-52.