Brefeldin A
mRNA synthesis
In vitro transcription of capped mRNA with modified nucleotides and Poly(A) tail
Tyramide Signal Amplification (TSA)
TSA (Tyramide Signal Amplification), used for signal amplification of ISH, IHC and IC etc.
Phos Binding Reagent Acrylamide
Separation of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated proteins without phospho-specific antibody
Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)
A convenient and sensitive way for cell proliferation assay and cytotoxicity assay
SYBR Safe DNA Gel Stain
Safe and sensitive stain for visualization of DNA or RNA in agarose or acrylamide gels.
Inhibitor Cocktails
Protect the integrity of proteins from multiple proteases and phosphatases for different applications.
Brefeldin A(布雷菲德菌素A,BFA)是ATP酶的抑制剂,IC50值为0.2 μM[1]。
ATP酶是一种化学酶,在ADP/ATP交换中是必不可少的,而ADP/ATP交换过程提供化学势能。ATP为许多生理活动提供能量,如为细胞代谢输入必需的代谢产物,输出阻碍细胞过程的毒素、废物及溶质,细胞增殖,ER应激等等[2]。
BFA通过抑制小泡胞吐,从而减弱刺激依赖性的痛觉过敏现象。而小泡胞吐过程对ATP的释放是重要的[3]。在稳定表达野生型CRELD2的HEK293细胞系中,BFA通过抑制蛋白从ER向高尔基体的运输,几乎完全废除wtCRELD2的分泌[4]。在MCF-7细胞和Hela细胞中,BFA通过抑制ATP,增强ER应激,从而诱导p53的表达[5]。在大肠癌细胞系HCT116细胞中,BFA通过抑制ATP,诱导细胞凋亡,而ATP在细胞囊泡运输中起作用[1]。
据报道,BFA也以剂量依赖的方式抑制GTP/GDP交换,其对囊泡运输也是重要的[6]。
参考文献:
[1] P. M. Wierzbicki, M. Kogut, J. Ruczynski, K. Siedlecka-Kroplewska, L. Kaszubowska, A. Rybarczyk, M. Alenowicz, P. Rekowski, Z. Kmiec, Protein and siRNA delivery by transportan and transportan 10 into colorectal cancer cell lines, Folia Histochem Cytobiol, (2014).
[2] M. Westerterp, A.E. Bochem, L. Yvan-Charvet, A.J. Murphy, N. Wang, A.R. Tall, ATP-binding cassette transporters, atherosclerosis, and inflammation, Circulation research, 114 (2014) 157-170.
[3] E. K. Joseph, P.G. Green, J.D. Levine, ATP release mechanisms of endothelial cell-mediated stimulus-dependent hyperalgesia, The journal of pain : official journal of the American Pain Society, 15 (2014) 771-777.
[4] K. Oh-hashi, Y. Kanamori, Y. Hirata, K. Kiuchi, Characterization of V-ATPase inhibitor-induced secretion of cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2, Cell biology and toxicology, 30 (2014) 127-136.
[5] W. C. Lin, Y.C. Chuang, Y.S. Chang, M.D. Lai, Y.N. Teng, I.J. Su, C.C. Wang, K.H. Lee, J.H. Hung, Endoplasmic reticulum stress stimulates p53 expression through NF-kappaB activation, PLoS One, 7 (2012) e39120.
[6] D. Prieto, P. Corchete, Transport of flavonolignans to the culture medium of elicited cell suspensions of Silybum marianum, Journal of plant physiology, 171 (2014) 63-68.
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- 3. Yikun Chen, Jiajia Wang, et al. "Moesin Is a Novel Biomarker of Endothelial Injury in Sepsis." J Immunol Res. 2021 Feb 13;2021:6695679. PMID: 33628853
- 4. Yulong Fu, Yang Zhang, et al. "Abnormally activated OPN/integrin αVβ3/FAK signalling is responsible for EGFR-TKI resistance in EGFR mutant non-small-cell lung cancer." J Hematol Oncol. 2020 Dec 7;13(1):169. PMID: 33287873
- 5. Wenwen Du, Jianjie Zhu, et al. "KPNB1-mediated nuclear translocation of PD-L1 promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation via the Gas6/MerTK signaling pathway." Cell Death Differ. 2021 Apr;28(4):1284-1300. PMID: 33139930
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Physical Appearance | A solid |
Storage | Store at -20°C |
M.Wt | 280.36 |
Cas No. | 20350-15-6 |
Formula | C16H24O4 |
Solubility | insoluble in H2O; ≥11.73 mg/mL in EtOH with ultrasonic; ≥4.67 mg/mL in DMSO |
Chemical Name | (1R,2E,6S,10E,11aS,13S,14aR)-1,13-dihydroxy-6-methyl-6,7,8,9,12,13,14,14a-octahydro-1H-cyclopenta[f][1]oxacyclotridecin-4(11aH)-one |
SDF | Download SDF |
Canonical SMILES | C[C@H](O1)CCC/C=C/[C@@]2([H])[C@](C[C@@H](O)C2)([H])[C@H](O)/C=C/C1=O |
运输条件 | 蓝冰运输或根据您的需求运输。 |
一般建议 | 不同厂家不同批次产品溶解度各有差异,仅做参考。若实验所需浓度过大至产品溶解极限,请添加助溶剂助溶或自行调整浓度。溶液形式一般不宜长期储存,请尽快用完。 |
细胞实验 [1-4]: | |
细胞系 |
结直肠癌细胞系HCT116细胞,MCF-7细胞,Hela细胞,正常大鼠肾细胞(NRK),MDA-MB-231细胞 |
溶解方法 |
该化合物在DMSO中的溶解度大于4.7 mg/mL。若获取更高浓度的溶液,可在37℃下孵育10分钟,随后在超声波浴中摇匀。-20℃以下可储存数月。 |
反应时间 |
5 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml; 3-40 h; 37℃ |
应用 |
在正常大鼠肾细胞中,BFA治疗15小时或40小时引起内质网(ER)的剧烈肿胀,并将其定位转移到细胞周边。BFA影响高尔基体结构和肌动蛋白组织。BFA诱导MDA-MB-231悬浮培养细胞死亡,EC50为0.016 μg/mL。BFA通过下调乳腺CSC标记CD44和抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2和Mcl-1,有效抑制MDA-MB-231细胞的克隆形成和迁移以及基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)活性,BFA可逆转上皮-间质转化。在MCF-7细胞和Hela细胞中, BFA(1 μg/mL)诱导p53表达。在结直肠癌细胞系HCT116细胞中,BFA诱导细胞凋亡。 |
注意事项 |
由于实验环境的不同,实际溶解度可能与理论值略有不同,请测试室内所有化合物的溶解度。 |
References: [1]. Alvarez C, et al. Brefeldin A (BFA) disrupts the organization of the microtubule and the actin cytoskeletons. Eur J Cell Biol. 1999 Jan;78(1):1-14. [2]. Tseng CN, et al. Brefeldin A reduces anchorage-independent survival, cancer stem cell potential and migration of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Molecules. 2014 Oct 29;19(11):17464-77. [3]. W.C. Lin, Y.C. Chuang, Y.S. Chang, M.D. Lai, Y.N. Teng, I.J. Su, C.C. Wang, K.H. Lee, J.H. Hung, Endoplasmic reticulum stress stimulates p53 expression through NF-kappaB activation, PLoS One, 7 (2012) e39120. [4]. P.M. Wierzbicki, M. Kogut, J. Ruczynski, K. Siedlecka-Kroplewska, L. Kaszubowska, A. Rybarczyk, M. Alenowicz, P. Rekowski, Z. Kmiec, Protein and siRNA delivery by transportan and transportan 10 into colorectal cancer cell lines, Folia Histochem Cytobiol, (2014). |
质量控制和MSDS
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