Bendamustine HCl是一种与DNA损伤相关的烷化剂，IC50值为50 μM[1]。

据报道，bendamustine可在DNA损伤压力和细胞凋亡的情况下激活。Bendamustine可通过抑制多种有丝分裂相关基因如Polo样激酶1、Aurora激酶A和细胞周期蛋白B1抑制有丝分裂检验点，引发有丝分裂障碍[1]。在骨髓瘤细胞系中，bendamustine可通过剪切caspase 3，诱导细胞凋亡，导致G2细胞周期停滞[2]。在慢性淋巴细胞和套细胞淋巴瘤细胞系中，bendamustine HCL可激活线粒体细胞死亡途径和caspase依赖的细胞凋亡。一些实验表明bendamustine对地塞米松敏感（MM1.S）和耐受（MM1.R）的多发性骨髓瘤细胞具有剂量依赖的抗增殖活性，IC50值分别为119.8 μM（MM1.S）和138 μM（MM1.R）。在MM1.S和MM1.R细胞系中都可通过激活caspase-3和caspase-8导致细胞凋亡[4]。

参考文献：
[1].  Leoni LM, Bailey B, Reifert J, Bendall HH, Zeller RW, Corbeil J, Elliott G, Niemeyer CC. Bendamustine (Treanda) displays a distinct pattern of cytotoxicity and unique mechanistic features compared with other alkylating agents. Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Jan 1;14(1):309-17.
[2].  Gaul L, Mandl-Weber S, Baumann P, Emmerich B, Schmidmaier R. Bendamustine induces G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in myeloma cells: the role of ATM-Chk2-Cdc25A and ATM-p53-p21-pathways. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2008 Feb;134(2):245-53.
[3].  Roué G, López-Guerra M, Milpied P, Pérez-Galán P, Villamor N, Montserrat E, Campo E, Colomer D. Bendamustine is effective in p53-deficient B-cell neoplasms and requires oxidative stress and caspase-independent signaling. Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Nov 1;14(21):6907-15.
[4].  Cai B, Wang S, Huang J, Lee CK, Gao C, Liu B. Cladribine and bendamustine exhibit inhibitory activity in dexamethasone-sensitive and -resistant multiple myeloma cells. Am J Transl Res. 2013;5(1):36-46.