Gap19
mRNA synthesis
In vitro transcription of capped mRNA with modified nucleotides and Poly(A) tail
Tyramide Signal Amplification (TSA)
TSA (Tyramide Signal Amplification), used for signal amplification of ISH, IHC and IC etc.
Phos Binding Reagent Acrylamide
Separation of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated proteins without phospho-specific antibody
Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)
A convenient and sensitive way for cell proliferation assay and cytotoxicity assay
SYBR Safe DNA Gel Stain
Safe and sensitive stain for visualization of DNA or RNA in agarose or acrylamide gels.
Inhibitor Cocktails
Protect the integrity of proteins from multiple proteases and phosphatases for different applications.
Gap19 is a selective inhibitor of connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannel with IC50 value of ~ 50 μM [1].
Gap19 is identical to a short sequence present on the intracellular cytoplasmic loop domain of Cx43 hemichannel. It strongly inhibits Cx43 hemichannels which are involved in neuroglial interactions that participate to the control of neuronal activity and survival [2].
In cultured cortical astrocytes triggered by glutamate, pre-incubation of Gap19 for 30 min inhibited ATP release with IC50 values of 142 μM. At concentrations ranging from 0 μM to 688 μM, Gap19 inhibited astroglial Cx43 hemichannels in a dose-dependent manner, without affecting gap junction channels [2].
In a mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion, Gap19 (300 μg/kg, i.c.v.) significantly alleviated infarct volume, neuronal cell damage, as well as neurological deficits after ischemia. Moreover, post-treatment with TAT-Gap19 at the dose of 25 mg/kg still provided neuroprotection when it was administered intraperitoneally at 4 h after reperfusion [3].
References:
[1]. Iyyathurai J, D'hondt C, Wang N, et al. Peptides and peptide-derived molecules targeting the intracellular domains of Cx43: gap junctions versus hemichannels. Neuropharmacology, 2013, 75: 491-505.
[2]. Abudara V, Bechberger J, Freitas-Andrade M, et al. The connexin43 mimetic peptide Gap19 inhibits hemichannels without altering gap junctional communication in astrocytes. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2014, 8: 306.
[3]. Chen B, Yang L, Chen J, et al. Inhibition of Connexin43 hemichannels with Gap19 protects cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in mice. Brain Research Bulletin, 2019, 146: 124-135.
- 1. Zhou Z, Ni J, et al. "Angiotensin II induces RAW264. 7 macrophage polarization to the M1-type through the connexin 43/NF-κB pathway." Mol Med Rep. 2020;21(5):2103-2112. PMID:32186758
- 2. Xiao J, Yang R, et al. "A role of AMPK and connexin 43 in the suppression of CoCl(2)-induced apoptosis of spiral modiolar artery smooth muscle cells by adiponectin." Life Sci. 2019 Oct 23:116876. PMID:31655194
- 3. Shen C, Chen JH, et al. "mTOR- and SGK-Mediated Connexin 43 Expression Participates in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Macrophage Migration through the iNOS/Src/FAK Axis."J Immunol. 2018 Nov 15;201(10):2986-2997. PMID:30341186
Physical Appearance | A solid |
Storage | Store at -20°C |
M.Wt | 1161.45 |
Cas No. | 1507930-57-5 |
Formula | C55H96N14O13 |
Solubility | ≥58.07 mg/mL in H2O; insoluble in EtOH; ≥26.55 mg/mL in DMSO |
SDF | Download SDF |
Canonical SMILES | CC[C@]([C@@](/N=C(O)/[C@](/N=C(O)/[C@](/N=C(O)/[C@](/N=C(O)/[C@](N)([H])CCCCN)([H])CCC(O)=N)([H])[C@@](CC)([H])C)([H])CCC(O)=O)([H])/C(O)=N/[C@@](/C(O)=N/[C@@](/C(O)=N/[C@@](/C(O)=N/[C@@](C(O)=O)([H])CCCCN)([H])CC1=CC=CC=C1)([H])CCCCN)([H])CCCCN)([H])C |
运输条件 | 蓝冰运输或根据您的需求运输。 |
一般建议 | 不同厂家不同批次产品溶解度各有差异,仅做参考。若实验所需浓度过大至产品溶解极限,请添加助溶剂助溶或自行调整浓度。溶液形式一般不宜长期储存,请尽快用完。 |
质量控制和MSDS
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