Rhodamine 123 (chloride)，即罗丹明123，是一种可对活细胞线粒体染色的细胞染色试剂。罗丹明123可透过细胞膜且在活细胞的线粒体内聚集，并发出黄绿色荧光，对细胞没有任何毒性。罗丹明123广泛用作检测线粒体膜电位[1]，也常用于细胞凋亡检测[2]。由于细胞内ATP的量与罗丹明123的荧光强度之间有相关性，此荧光染料被应用于检测细胞内的ATP。罗丹明123还用于癌症研究，例如前列腺癌[3,4]。

罗丹明123的最大激发波长为507nm，最大发射波长为529nm。在荧光显微镜下观察，呈现黄绿色荧光。

References:

[1] Baracca A, Sgarbi G, Solaini G, et al. Rhodamine 123 as a probe of mitochondrial membrane potential: evaluation of proton flux through F(0) during ATP synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Sep 30;1606(1-3):137-46.

[2] Ronot X, Benel L, Adolphe M, et al. Mitochondrial analysis in living cells: the use of rhodamine 123 and flow cytometry. Biol Cell. 1986;57(1):1-7. Review.

[3] Arcadi JA, Narayan KS, Techy G, et al. Studies of rhodamine-123: effect on rat prostate cancer and human prostate cancer cells in vitro. J Surg Oncol. 1995 Jun;59(2):86-92; discussion 92-3.

[4] Jones LW, Narayan KS, Shapiro CE, et al. Rhodamine-123: therapy for hormone refractory prostate cancer, a phase I clinical trial. J Chemother. 2005 Aug;17(4):435-40.