Immunology/Inflammation - Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
The innate immune system is triggered when microbial pathogens are targeted by pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that recognize the pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The activated TLRs initiate a cascade of interaction between various intracellular signaling adaptors including MyD88, IRAKs, and TRAF6, resulting the activation of the MAP kinase, NF-κB, and IRF signaling pathways, which mediate inflammation through the production of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, type I IFN, and antimicrobial peptides.
The adaptive immune system consists of B and T lymphocytes which mediate humoral immunity (e.g. antibody response) and cell-mediated immunity, respectively. B cell receptor and T cell receptor signaling is responsible for activation of Src family tyrosine kinases, such as Blk, Fyn, and Lyn in B cells and Fyn and Lck in T cells, resulting phosphorylation of the receptor-associated ITAM motifs. Phosphorylated ITAMs serve as the docking sites for Syk family tyrosine kinases, e.g. Syk in B cells and Zap-70 in T cells. Activated Syk kinases then propagate the signals via phosphorylation of downstream proteins. Furthermore, lymphocyte receptor signaling facilitates B and T cell development, differentiation, proliferation and survival.
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- B5551 Poly(I:C)Target: Toll-like receptors (TLRs)Summary: Toll样受体3(TLR3)激动剂
- B1054 Resiquimod (R-848)2 Citation中文名: 雷西莫特,瑞喹莫德Target: Toll-like receptors (TLRs)Summary: 免疫应答调节剂
- A3850 TAK-2427 Citation中文名: 瑞沙托维Target: Toll-like receptors (TLRs)|NO Donors / Precursors|IL ReceptorsSummary: TLR 4信号抑制剂