Apoptosis - Cell Experiments
Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is rigorously controlled process of cell death that leads to phagocytosis of unwanted cell. It is triggered after sufficient cellular damage and activated through extrinsic or intrinsic pathways. The intrinsic pathway is mainly occurs via release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and regulates mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization by Bcl-2 family proteins. The extrinsic pathway is induced by ligand binding to death receptor, such as Fas, TNFαR, DR3, DR4, and DR5. Caspases then cleave target proteins and nuclear lamins to promote DNA degradation, resulting apoptotic cells undergo phagocytosis. In addition, p53 has the ability to activate intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis by inducing transcription of several proteins like Puma, Bid, Bax, TRAIL-R2, and CD95.
Some Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), such as XIAP/BIRC4 and Bruce/BIRC6, can block casapse activity through direct binding, while other IAPs, such as cIAP1/BIRC2, cIAP2/BIRC3, act as ubiquitin ligases that target caspases for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Apoptosis is essential for growth, development and aging in multicellular organisms. Any alterations or abnormalities occurring in apoptotic processes contribute to development of human diseases, including cancer.
- C4733 Sulforaphane中文名: 萝卜硫素Summary: 通过Keap1-Nrf2信号传导的化学预防酶诱导剂
- A8737 S6384511 CitationTarget: MCL1Summary: MCL1抑制剂
- B5846 Radotinib(IY-5511)中文名: 雷多替尼Target: PDGFR|Bcr-AblSummary: Bcr-Abl酪氨酸激酶抑制剂
- B4902 (+)-Apogossypol中文名: 變棉子酚,阿朴棉子酚,变棉子酚Target: Bcl-2Summary: Bcl-2家族蛋白抑制剂
- A8815 SM-1648 CitationTarget: Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP)Summary: 抗癌药
- A8170 Z-FA-FMKTarget: cysteine proteaseSummary: 半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂
- B3422 U-731221 CitationTarget: PC-PLCSummary: 磷脂酶C,磷脂酶A2和5-LO(5-脂氧合酶)抑制剂
- B2092 Doxifluridine中文名: 去氧氟尿苷Summary: 抗肿瘤药5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)的口服前药
- B1080 Marinopyrrole ATarget: Mcl-1Summary: 选择性Mcl-1抑制剂
- B3233 Z-LEHD-FMK8 CitationTarget: CaspasesSummary: 不可逆的Caspase-9抑制剂