Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is rigorously controlled process of cell death that leads to phagocytosis of unwanted cell. It is triggered after sufficient cellular damage and activated through extrinsic or intrinsic pathways. The intrinsic pathway is mainly occurs via release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and regulates mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization by Bcl-2 family proteins. The extrinsic pathway is induced by ligand binding to death receptor, such as Fas, TNFαR, DR3, DR4, and DR5. Caspases then cleave target proteins and nuclear lamins to promote DNA degradation, resulting apoptotic cells undergo phagocytosis. In addition, p53 has the ability to activate intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis by inducing transcription of several proteins like Puma, Bid, Bax, TRAIL-R2, and CD95.
Some Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), such as XIAP/BIRC4 and Bruce/BIRC6, can block casapse activity through direct binding, while other IAPs, such as cIAP1/BIRC2, cIAP2/BIRC3, act as ubiquitin ligases that target caspases for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Apoptosis is essential for growth, development and aging in multicellular organisms. Any alterations or abnormalities occurring in apoptotic processes contribute to development of human diseases, including cancer.
- C4698 15-acetoxy Scirpenol中文名: 15-乙酰蛇形菌素Summary: 霉菌毒素,诱导凋亡性细胞死亡
- C4423 Destruxin B中文名: 黑僵菌素 BSummary: 具有杀虫和植物毒性活性;诱导凋亡
- C4483 COTI-2Summary: 激活突变体形式的p53
- C4239 RPI-1Summary: ATP依赖性RET激酶抑制剂
- C4165 CRT5Summary: PKD1、PKD2和PKD3抑制剂
- C4120 SP 141Summary: Mdm2抑制剂
- C3846 p-nitro-Pifithrin-α1 CitationSummary: p53的失活剂
- C3528 Citrinin中文名: 桔霉素Summary: 诱导凋亡并阻断微管蛋白聚合以及有丝分裂纺锤体组装的真菌毒素
- C3520 Arylquin 1Summary: 肿瘤抑制蛋白前体细胞凋亡反应-4(Par-4)的有效促分泌素
- C3080 AD57 (hydrochloride)Summary: 抑制RET的多药理学癌症治疗剂