Gemcitabine
mRNA synthesis
In vitro transcription of capped mRNA with modified nucleotides and Poly(A) tail
Tyramide Signal Amplification (TSA)
TSA (Tyramide Signal Amplification), used for signal amplification of ISH, IHC and IC etc.
Phos Binding Reagent Acrylamide
Separation of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated proteins without phospho-specific antibody
Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)
A convenient and sensitive way for cell proliferation assay and cytotoxicity assay
SYBR Safe DNA Gel Stain
Safe and sensitive stain for visualization of DNA or RNA in agarose or acrylamide gels.
Inhibitor Cocktails
Protect the integrity of proteins from multiple proteases and phosphatases for different applications.
Gemcitabine(吉西他滨)是DNA合成的抑制剂 [1]。
DNA合成是脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)分子的天然产生过程,在细胞生长中起重要作用。
Gemcitabine是一种活性化疗剂,干扰DNA的复制。在肿瘤细胞中,gemcitabine激活检查点激酶2(Chk2)和共济失调毛细血管扩张症突变激酶(ATM),其调节细胞凋亡、DNA修复和细胞周期停滞。Gemcitabine也激活Rad9-Hus1-Rad1复合体、蛋白激酶ATM和ATR以及检查点激酶1(Chk1),其阻断细胞周期进程和影响DNA修复[1]。Gemcitabine是一种DNA合成抑制剂,具有抗肿瘤活性。在人骨肉瘤细胞系HOS和MG63中,gemcitabine抑制DNA合成,并诱导细胞凋亡 [2]。
在接种小鼠骨肉瘤细胞系LM8的C3H小鼠中,gemcitabine诱导细胞凋亡,减少原发肿瘤的大小。它也抑制肺中的转移性病灶 [2]。在感染LP-BM5小鼠白血病病毒的C57Bl/6小鼠中,gemcitabine显著抑制疾病的进展。Gemcitabine也减少脾脏大小,原病毒的水平及血浆IgM [3]。
参考文献:
[1]. Karnitz LM, Flatten KS, Wagner JM, et al. Gemcitabine-induced activation of checkpoint signaling pathways that affect tumor cell survival. Mol Pharmacol, 2005, 68(6): 1636-1644.
[2]. Ando T, Ichikawa J, Okamoto A, et al. Gemcitabine inhibits viability, growth, and metastasis of osteosarcoma cell lines. J Orthop Res, 2005, 23(4): 964-969.
[3]. Clouser CL, Holtz CM, Mullett M, et al. Analysis of the ex vivo and in vivo antiretroviral activity of gemcitabine. PLoS One, 2011, 6(1): e15840.
- 1. Xuli Yang, Tao Chen, et al. "HKI-272 contributes to gemcitabine-mediated anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects through EGFR suppression in gallbladder cancer." Mol Ther Oncolytics. 2022 Oct 8;27:126-140. PMID: 36321135
- 2. Xuejiao Wu, Jia Huang, et al. "MicroRNA-221-3p is related to survival and promotes tumour progression in pancreatic cancer: a comprehensive study on functions and clinicopathological value." Cancer Cell Int 2020 Sep 10;20:443. PMID: 32943991
- 3. Lin KH, Xie A, et al. "Systematic Dissection of the Metabolic-Apoptotic Interface in AML Reveals Heme Biosynthesis to Be a Regulator of Drug Sensitivity." Cell Metab. 2019 Feb 5. pii: S1550-4131(19)30011-7. PMID: 30773463
Physical Appearance | A solid |
Storage | Store at -20°C |
M.Wt | 263.2 |
Cas No. | 95058-81-4 |
Formula | C9H11F2N3O4 |
Solubility | ≥11.75 mg/mL in H2O with gentle warming; ≥26.34 mg/mL in DMSO; ≥7.54 mg/mL in EtOH with ultrasonic |
Chemical Name | 4-amino-1-[(2R,4R,5R)-3,3-difluoro-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidin-2-one |
SDF | Download SDF |
Canonical SMILES | C1=CN(C(=O)N=C1N)C2C(C(C(O2)CO)O)(F)F |
运输条件 | 蓝冰运输或根据您的需求运输。 |
一般建议 | 不同厂家不同批次产品溶解度各有差异,仅做参考。若实验所需浓度过大至产品溶解极限,请添加助溶剂助溶或自行调整浓度。溶液形式一般不宜长期储存,请尽快用完。 |
细胞实验 [1]: | |
细胞系 |
HeLa细胞,K562细胞,HOS和MG63细胞系 |
溶解方法 |
在DMSO中的溶解度>10 mM。为了获得更高的浓度,可以将离心管在37℃加热10分钟和/或在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。原液可以在-20℃以下储存几个月。 |
反应条件 |
在HeLa细胞中,用于免疫荧光使用100 nM浓度,3h;用于SDS-PAGE使用500 nM浓度,6h。 |
应用 |
在Hela细胞和K562细胞中,gemcitabine可以激活ATR/Chk1和 ATM/Chk2信号通路。(ATR: 共济失调 - 毛细血管扩张突变和Rad3相关激酶;Chk: 检测点激酶;ATM: 共济失调 - 毛细血管扩张突变激酶). Gemcitabine是一个DNA合成抑制剂并且拥有抗肿瘤活性。在人类的骨肉瘤细胞系HOS和MG63中,gemcitabine抑制DNA合成并诱导凋亡。 |
动物实验 [2]: | |
动物模型 |
感染了LP-BM5鼠白血病病毒的雌性C57BL/6小鼠 |
剂量 |
1、2、4 mg/kg每天,连续8周,注射 |
应用 |
相比于感染了病毒但没有治疗的小鼠,使用剂量1或2 mg/kg每天治疗的小鼠其脾脏重量相对于体重的比例较低。在淋巴结中,gemcitabine减少了MAIDS相关的损伤。每天使用2 mg/kg 治疗的小鼠其IgM水平显著低于未感染的动物。Gemcitabine降低了前病毒的水平。 |
注意事项 |
请测试所有化合物在室内的溶解度,实际溶解度和理论值可能略有不同。这是由实验系统的误差引起的,属于正常现象。 |
References: [1] Karnitz LM, Flatten KS, Wagner JM, et al. Gemcitabine-induced activation of checkpoint signaling pathways that affect tumor cell survival. Mol Pharmacol, 2005, 68(6): 1636-1644. [2] Ando T, Ichikawa J, Okamoto A, et al. Gemcitabine inhibits viability, growth, and metastasis of osteosarcoma cell lines. J Orthop Res, 2005, 23(4): 964-969. [3] Clouser CL, Holtz CM, Mullett M, et al. Analysis of the ex vivo and in vivo antiretroviral activity of gemcitabine. PLoS One, 2011, 6(1): e15840. |
质量控制和MSDS
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